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Afrotropical Cynipoidea

(Life: Kingdom: Metazoa (animals); Phylum: Arthropoda; Class: Hexapoda; Order: Hymenoptera)

 

Identification keys

Cynipidae

Figitidae

Ibaliidae (Introduced)

Liopteridae

Distribution Worldwide
Biology Parasitoids or phytophages (gall formers and inquilines).

References

Benoit, P.L.G. 1955. Les Liopteridae Oberthurellinae du Congo Belge. Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines 52: 283–293.

Benoit, P.L.G. 1956. Liopteridae-Mesocynipinae nouveaux du Congo Belge (Hym.-Cynipoidea). Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines 53: 51-56.

Liu, Z, Ronquist, F. & Nordlander, G. 2007. The cynipoid genus Paramblynotus: revision, phylogeny, and historical biogeography (Hymenoptera, Liopteridae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 304: 1-151.

Quinlan, J. 1979. A revisionary classification of the Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera) of the Ethiopian Zoogeographical Region. Aspicerinae (Figitidae) and Oberthuerellinae (Liopteridae). Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Entomology) 39: 85-133.

Ritchie, A.J. 1993. Superfamily Cynipoidea (pp. 521-536). In GOULET, H. & HUBER, J. (eds). Hymenoptera of the World: an identification guide to families. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada, 668 pp.

Ronquist, F. 1995. Phylogeny and classification of the Liopteridae, an archaic group of cynipoid wasps (Hymenoptera). Entomologica Scandinavica Supplement 46: 1-74.

Ronquist, F. 1999. Phylogeny, classification and evolution of the Cynipoidea. Zoologica Scripta 28:139–164.

Credits

Photographs © Simon van Noort (Iziko Museums)

Matt Buffington (Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA/ARS) played an integral role in the development of the Cynipoidea pages

Web author Simon van Noort (Iziko South African Museum)

Copyright 2004-2012 Iziko Museums

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