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Paraulacidae

Nothofagus Gall wasps

(Life: Kingdom: Metazoa (animals); Phylum: Arthropoda; Class: Hexapoda; Order: Hymenoptera; Superfamily: Cynipoidea)

Paraulacini Nieves-Aldrey and Liljeblad, 2009. Type genus Paraulax Kieffer, 1904: 568.

ClassificationCynipoidea keys

Cecinothofagus Nieves-Aldrey & Liljeblad, 2009

Paraulax Kieffer, 1904

Distribution Neotropical region (southern part only).
Biology Reared from galls on Nothofagus trees (Nothofagaceae) (Buffington et al. 2020).

References

Bassett, H. F. 1881. New Species of Cynipidae. The Canadian Entomologist. 13: 51–53. doi:10.4039/Ent1351-3

Buffington ML, Forshage M, Liljeblad J, Tang CT, van Noort, S. 2020. World Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera):a key to higher-level groups. Insect Systematics and Diversity 4(4): 1–69. https://doi.org/10.1093/isd/ixaa003

Hearn, J., Gobbo, E., Nieves-Aldrey, J.L., Branca, A., Nicholls, J.A., Koutsovoulos, G. et al. 2024. Phylogenomic analysis of protein-coding genes resolves complex gall wasp relationships. Systematic Entomology 49(1), 110–137. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12611

Mayr, G. 1881. Die genera der gallenbewohnenden Cynipiden. Jahresberichte der Rossauer Communal Oberrealschule im I. Bezirke 20:138.

Nieves-Aldrey J.L., J. Liljeblad, M. Hernández-Nieves, A Grez and J.A.A. Nylander. 2009. Revision and phylogenetics of the genus Paraulax Kieffer (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) with biological notes and description of a new tribe, a new genus, and five new species Zootaxa 2200: 1-40. 10.5281/zenodo.189597.

Ritchie, A.J. 1993. Superfamily Cynipoidea (pp. 521-536). In GOULET, H. & HUBER, J. (eds). Hymenoptera of the World: an identification guide to families. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada, 668 pp.

Ronquist, F. 1999. Phylogeny, classification and evolution of the Cynipoidea. Zoologica Scripta 28:139–164.

Ronquist, F. & Liljeblad, J. 2001. Evolution of the gall wasp–host plant association. Evolution 55: 2503–2522.

Ronquist, F., Nieves-Aldrey, J.-L., Buffington, M. L., Liu, Z., Liljeblad, J., & Nylander, J. A. A. 2015. Phylogeny, Evolution and Classification of Gall Wasps: The Plot Thickens. PLoS ONE, 10(5), e0123301. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0123301

Credits

Photographs © Matt Buffington (Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA/ARS).


Web author Simon van Noort (Iziko South African Museum)

 

Citation: van Noort, S. 2024. WaspWeb: Hymenoptera of the World. URL: www.waspweb.org (accessed on <day/month/year>).

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