HomeWasp classificationExpeditionsLinksFigWebBiodiversity ExplorerPermits

Manicnemus Hayat

(Life: Kingdom: Metazoa (animals); Phylum: Arthropoda; Class: Hexapoda; Order: Hymenoptera; Superfamily: Chalcidoidea; Family: Encyrtidae; Subfamily: Tetracneminae)

Manicnemus Hayat, 1981.

Classification

Distribution

Tanzania.

Also Oriental: India.

Biology

Parasitoids of Coccidae, Dactylopiidae, Eriococcidae and Pseudococcidae (Hemiptera).

References

Annecke, D.P. & Insley, H.P. 1971. Catalogue of Ethiopian Encyrtidae and Aphelinidae. Entomology Memoir of the Department of Agricultural Technical Services of the Republic of South Africa 23: 1-53.

Boucek, Z. 1988. Australasian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera). A biosystematic revision of genera of fourteen families, with a reclassification of species. pp. 832pp. CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon, U.K., Cambrian News Ltd; Aberystwyth, Wales.

Gibson G.A.P. 1993. Superfamilies Mymarommatoidea and Chalcidoidea (pp. 570-655). In GOULET, H. & HUBER, J. (eds). Hymenoptera of the World: an identification guide to families. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada, 668 pp.

Gibson, G.A.P., Huber, J.T., Woolley, J.B. (Editors) 1997. Annotated keys to the genera of Nearctic Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) :794pp National Research Council Research Press, Ottawa, Canada.

Heraty, J.M., Burks, R.A., Cruaud, A., Gibson, G.A.P., Liljeblad, J., Munro, J., Rasplus, J.-Y., Delvare, G., Janšta, P., Gumovsky, A., Huber, J., Woolley, J.B., Krogmann, L., Heydon, S., Polaszek, A., Schmidt, S., Darling, D.C., Gates, M.W., Mottern, J., Murray, E., Dal Molin, A., Triapitsyn, S., Baur, H., Pinto, J.D., van Noort, S., George, J. & Yoder, M. 2013. A phylogenetic analysis of the megadiverse Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera). Cladistics 29: 466–542. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cla.12006

Iwabuchi K. 2019. Polyembryony in Encyrtid Parasitoids. In: Polyembryonic Insects. Entomology Monographs. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0958-2_2

Noyes, J.S. & Prinsloo, G.L. 1998. A review of the Afrotropical and Malagasy taxa of Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) described by J. Risbec (1949-1959). Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 34(1): 71-97.

Prinsloo, G.L. 1983. A parasitoid-host index of Afrotropical Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea). Entomology Memoirs of the Department of Agriculture, Republic of South Africa 60: 1-35.

Prinsloo, G.L. 1997. Parasitoids. Encyrtidae. World Crop Pests 7B:78-85

Prinsloo, G.L. & D.P. Annecke. 1979. A key to the genera of Encyrtidae from the Ethiopian region, with descriptions of three new genera (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea). Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa 42: 349-382.

Credits

Photographs © Simon van Noort (Iziko Museums of South Africa).

Map illustration © Simon van Noort (Iziko Museums of South Africa).


Web author Simon van Noort (Iziko South African Museum)

 

Citation: van Noort, S. 2024. WaspWeb: Hymenoptera of the World. URL: www.waspweb.org (accessed on <day/month/year>).

Copyright 2004-2024 Iziko Museums of South Africa

customisable counter