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These parasitoid wasps lay their eggs through the gall wall into the
gall moth or gall wasp larva. The parasitoid wasp larva then eats
the host moth or wasp larva. Other parasitoid wasps in turn also lay
their eggs into these parasitoid wasp larvae. This is termed
hyper-parasitism where the last wasp larva fed on the second wasp
larva that had first fed on the primary wasp larva!
Photographs © Simon van
Noort |
