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Figitidae

Figitid wasps of the world

(Life: Kingdom: Metazoa (animals); Phylum: Arthropoda; Class: Hexapoda; Order: Hymenoptera; Superfamily: Cynipoidea)

ClassificationIdentification keys

Anacharitinae (Worldwide)

Aspicerinae (Worldwide)

Charipinae (Worldwide)

Emargininae (Worldwide)

Euceroptrinae (Holarctic)

Eucoilinae (Worldwide)

Figitinae (Worldwide)
Mikeiinae (Australian)
Parnipinae (Palaearctic)
Plectocynipinae (Neotropical)

Pycnostigminae (Afrotropical, Palaearctic)

Thrasorinae (Indo-Australasian, Nearctic, Neotropical)
Distribution Worldwide.
Biology Parasitoids of larva of cyclorrhaphous Diptera, or Hemerobiidae and Chrysopidae (Neuroptera), or Syrphidae (Diptera), or parasitoids of cynipoid or chalcidoid gall inducers, or hyperparasitoids of Hemiptera through Braconidae or Chalcidoidea.

References

Allemand, R., C. Lemaitre, F. Frey, M. Bouletreau, F. Vavre, G. Nordlander, J. van Alphen and Y. Carton. 2002. Phylogeny of six African Leptopilina species (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea, Figitidae), parasitoids of Drosophila, with description of three new species. Ann. Soc. Entomol. Fr. 38: 319–332.

Aluja, M.; Lopez, M.; Sivinski, J. 1998. Ecological evidence for diapause in four native and one exotic species of larval-pupal fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) parasitoids in tropical environments Annals of the Entomological Society of America 91:821-833

Ashmead, W.H. 1900. Notes on some New Zealand and Australian Parasitic Hymenoptera, with descriptions of new genera and new species. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 25: 327–360.

Borgmeier, T. 1935. Sobre alguns Cynipideos parasiticos e cecidogenos do Brasil (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae). Arquivos do Instituto de Biologia Vegetal 2: 97-124.

Buffington, M. L. 2007. The occurrence and phylogenetic implications of the ovipositor clip within the Figitidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea). J. Nat. His. 41: 2267–2282.

Buffington, M.L. 2011. Description, circumscription and phylogenetics of the Diglyphosematini Belizin, 1961, and the description of a new genus (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Eucoilinae). Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 113: 239–290.

Buffington, M.L. 2012. Description of Nanocthulhu lovecrafti, a preternatural new genus and species of Trichoplastini (Figitidae: Eucoilinae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 114(1): 5-15.

Buffington, ML & Copeland, R.S.  2015. Muhaka icipe, an enigmatic new genus and species of Kleidotomini (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Eucoilinae) from an East African coastal forest. Journal of Natural History 49: 1-11. DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2015.1042411

Buffington, M. L., and J. Liljeblad 2008. The description of Euceroptrinae, a new subfamily of Figitidae (Hymenoptera), including a revision of Euceroptres Ashmead, 1896, and the description of a new species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 17: 44–56.

Buffington, M.L. & van Noort, S. 2007. A world revision of Pycnostigminae (Cynipoidea: Figitidae) with descriptions of seven new species. Zootaxa 1392: 1-30

Buffington, M. L., S. Brady, S. Morita, and S. van Noort. 2012. Divergence estimates and early evolutionary history of Figitidae (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea). Systematic Entomology 37: 287–304.
Buffington ML, Forshage M, Liljeblad J, Tang CT, van Noort, S. 2020. World Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera):a key to higher-level groups. Insect Systematics and Diversity 4(4): 1–69. https://doi.org/10.1093/isd/ixaa003

Buffington ML, Giorgini M, Lue C-H, Formisano G, Cascone P, Forshage M, Driskell A & Guerrieri E. 2020. Description of the aberrant Leptopilina lasallei n. sp., with an updated phylogeny of Leptopilina Förster (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Eucoilinae). Journal of Natural History 54: 565-583. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2020.1754483

Cameron, P. 1904. Descriptions of new genera and species of Hymenoptera from Dunbrody, Cape Colony. Records of the Albany Museum 1: 125-160.

Cameron, P. 1905. A new genus and species of Cynipidae from South Africa, representing a new subfamily. Annals and Magazines of Natural History, Series 7, 16,  20-21.

Benoit, P.L.G. 1956. Figitidae - Aspicerinae nouveaux du Congo Belge. Revue Zool. Bot. afr. 53: 195-204.

Diaz, N. 1977. Estudio ecológico y sistemático de Cinipoideos Neotropicales II (Hymenoptera). Epicoela rubicunda Borgmeier y E. seminigra n. sp. Neotrópica 23(70): 189-192.

Diaz, N. & F. Gallardo. 1996. Sobre cinipoideos del Brasil, parasitoides de dipteros estercoleros (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea). Rev. Soc. Entomol. Argent. 55: 127-129.

Diaz, N.B., Gallardo, F.E., Marchiori, C.H., & Linhares, A.X. 2000. Cynipoidea parasitoids of dung-flies in Brazil. II (Insecta: Hymenoptera). Anais da Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil 29(3): 469-474.

Díaz, N.B., Gallardo, F.E., Gaddi, A.L., & Walsh, G.C. 2009. Description of a new genus and species of Eucoilinae (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) parasitoid of Ephydridae (Diptera). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 102(4): 603-607.

Ferrer-Suay, M., Selfa, J. & Pujade-Villar, J. 2012. First record of Alloxysta Förster from Madagascar, with descriptions of two new species (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae: Charipinae). African Entomology 20: 222-228.

Ferrer-Suay, M., Selfa, J., Pujade-Villar, J. 2013. A review of Alloxysta species (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae: Charipinae) from Africa. African Entomology 21: 255266.

Ferrer-Suay, M., Paretas-Martinez, J., & Pujade-Villar, J. 2013. Revision of Apocharips Fergusson (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Charipinae) with description of three new species from Colombia. Zootaxa, 3646(4), 487–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3646.4.8

Fontal-Cazalla, F. M., Buffington, M. L., Nordlander, G., Liljeblad, J., Ros-Farré, P., Nieves-Aldrey, J. L., Pujade-Villar, J. & Ronquist, F. (2002). Phylogeny of the Eucoilinae (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae). Cladistics 18, 154–199.

Forshage, M & Nordlander, G. 2018. The identity of figitid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) of anthomyiid flies in conifer cones. European Journal of Entomology 115: 104-111.

Guimaraes, J. A.; Zucchi, R. A.; Diaz, N. B.; de Souza Filho, M. F.; Uchoa F., M. A. 1999. Espzcies de Eucoilinae (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) Parasitides de Lavas Frug’voras (Diptera: Tephritidae e Lonchaeidae) no Brasil. Anais da Sociedade Entomologica do Brasil 28:263-273.

Hedicke, H. 1930. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Cynipiden. (Hym.) XVI Zur Synonymie der Anacharitinen, Eucoilinen und Figitinen. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 1930: 74-76

Kieffer, J.J. 1904. Les Cynipides. Supplement aux Cynipides. Eucoelinae. Hym. Hym. Eur. 7: 603–631.

Lue, C. H., A. Driskell, J. Leips, and M. L. Buffington. 2016. Review of the genus Leptopilina (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Figitidae, Eucoilinae) from the Eastern United States, including three newly described species. J. Hym. Res. 53: 35–76.

Mata-Casanova, N., Pujade-Villar, J. 2013. Acanthaegilopsis malagasy gen. n. and sp. n. of Anacharitinae (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) from Madagascar and the Comoros. African Entomology 21(1): 161–164.

Mata-Casanova N, Pujade-Villar J. 2013. Nuevas aportaciones al conocimiento de Acanthaegilips en Colombia (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Anacharitinae). Revista colombiana de Entomología 39(1):71–75.

Mata-Casanova N, Selfa J, Arcaya E, Sosa F, Tormos J, Pujade-Villar J. 2014. First host record for Acanthaegilips (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Anacharitinae) and description of a new species from Venezuela. Fla Entomol 97(2):461–464.

Mata-Casanova N,  Selfa J  & Pujade-Villar J. 2014. Description of two new species of Anacharitinae (Hymenoptera: Figitidae) from the Afrotropical region. African Entomology 22: 545-551. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4001/003.022.0312

Mata-Casanova N, Selfa J & Pujade-Villar J. 2015. Description of two new species of Anacharis Dalman, 1823 (Hymenoptera: Figitidae, Anacharitinae) from the Afrotropical Region. African Entomology 23: 314–320. http://dx.doi.org/10.4001/003.023.0222

Mata-Casanova N, Selfa J & Pujade-Villar J. 2017. Revision of the current knowledge of genus Aegilips Haliday, 1835 (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Anacharitinae) in the Afrotropical Region, with description of three new species. African Entomology 25: 62 – 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4001/003.025.0062

Mata-Casanova, N., Selfa, J., Pujade-Villar, J. 2018. The true identity of Amphithectus austriacus (Tavares, 1928): junior synonym of Amphithectus opacus (Thomson, 1862) n. comb. Butlletí de la Institució Catalana d'Histňria Natural 82: 137-139.

Mata-Casanova N, Selfa J, Pujade-Villar J. 2018. Three new species of Anacharis Dalman, 1823 (Hymenoptera: Figitidae), with revised taxonomy and distribution records of palaearctic and indomalayan species. European Journal of Taxonomy 414: 1–25. https://doi. org/10.5852/ejt.2018.414

Nordlander, G. 1980. Revision of the genus Leptopilina Förster, 1869, with notes on the status of some other genera (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Eucoilidae). Entomol. Scan. 11: 428–453.

Nordlander, G. 1982. Identities and relationships of the previously confused genera Odonteucoila, Coneucoela, and Trichoplasta (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea: Eucoilidae). Insect Systematics & Evolution 13: 269–292. https://doi.org/10.1163/187631282X00327

Novkovic, B., H. Mitsui, A. Suwito, and M. T. Kimura. 2011. Taxonomy and phylogeny of Leptopilina species (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) attacking frugivorous drosophilid flies in Japan, with description of three new species. Entomological Science 14: 333–346.

Ovruski, S.; Aluja, M.; Sivinski, J.; Wharton, R. 2000. Hymenopteran parasitoids on fruit-infesting Tephritidae (Diptera) in Latin America and the southern United States: Diversity, distribution, taxonomic status and their use in fruit fly biological control. Integrated Pest Management Reviews 5:81-107.

Paretas-Martinez, J.; Melika, G.; Pujade-Villar, J. 2009. Description of four new species of Dilyta Förster (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Charipinae) from the Afrotropical Region. African Entomology 17: 207-214.

Paretas-Martínez, J., Arnedo, M.A., Melika, G., Selfa, J., Seco-Fernández, M.V., Fülöp, D., Pujade-Villar, J. 2007. Phylogeny of the parasitic wasp subfamily Charipinae (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Figitidae) Zoologica Scripta 36: 153–172.

Paretas-Martínez, J., Restrepo-Ortiz C., Buffington, M. L. and Pujade-Villar, J. 2011. Systematics of Australian Thrasorinae (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Figitidae) with descriptions of Mikeiinae, new subfamily, two new genera, and three new species. ZooKeys 108: 21-48. 10.3897/zookeys.108.829. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.108.829

Pujade-Villar J, Restrepo-Ortiz CX, García JL, Ros-Farré P. 2009. Redescripción de Acanthaegilips Ashmead 1897 y descripción de dos nuevas especies (Figitidae: Anacharitinae). Dugesiana 16(2):57–65
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Ros-Farré, P, Pujade-Villar, J. 2011. Revision of the genus Paraspicera Kieffer, 1907 (Hym: Figitidae: Aspicerinae). Zootaxa 2801: 48–56.

Ros-Farré, P., and J. Pujade-Villar. 2013. Revision of the genus Aspicera Dahlbom, 1842 (Hym.: Figitidae: Aspicerinae). Zootaxa 3606: 1–110.

Ros-Farré P, Ronquist F, Pujade-Villar J. 2000. Redescription of Acanthaegilips Ashmead, 1897, with characterization of the Anacharitinae and Aspiceratinae (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea:
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van Noort, S, Buffington ML & Forshage, M. 2015. Afrotropical Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera). ZooKeys 493: 1-176. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.493.6353

Vogel J, Forshage M, Bartsch SB, Ankermann A, Mayer C, von Falkenhausen P, Rduch V, Müller B, Braun C, Krammer H-J, Peters RS. 2024. Integrative characterisation of the Northwestern European species of Anacharis Dalman, 1823 (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Figitidae) with the description of three new species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 97: 621–698. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.97.131350

Ward, D. 2014. Overview and key to the New Zealand Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa. 3878. 563-579. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3878.6.4 

Weld, L.H. 1951. A new species of Trybliographa (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 14: 331–332.
Weld, L.H. 1951. New Eucoilinae (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 53(4): 223-224.

Weld, L.H. 1952. Cynipoidea (Hym.) 1905–1950, being a Supplement to the Dalla Torre and Kieffer monograph, the Cynipidae in Das Tierreich, Lieferung 24, 1910 and bringing the systematic literature of the world up to date, including keys to families and subfamilies and list of new generic, specific and variety names. Privately Printed, Ann Arbor, Michigan. 1–351 pp.

Weld, L.H. 1960. A new genus in Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera). Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 62: 195–196.

Wharton, RA and Yoder, MJ. Parasitoids of Fruit-Infesting Tephritidae. http://paroffit.org.

Wharton, R. A.; Ovruski, S. M.; Gilstrap, F. E. 1998. Neotropical Eucoilinae (Cynipoidea) associated with fruit infesting Tephritidae, with new records from Argentina, Bolivia, and Costa Rica. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 7: 102-115.

Credits

Photographs © Simon van Noort (Iziko South African Museum).

Matt Buffington (Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA/ARS) and Mattias Forshage (Swedish Museum of Natural History) both played an integral role in the development of the Cynipoidea pages.


Web author Simon van Noort (Iziko South African Museum)

 

Citation: van Noort, S. 2024. WaspWeb: Hymenoptera of the World. URL: www.waspweb.org (accessed on <day/month/year>).

Copyright 2004-2024 Iziko Museums of South Africa

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