Distribution
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Uganda. Also Oriental and Palaearctic regions. |
Biology
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The Eastern
Palaearctic species, Brachyzapus nikkoensis (Uchida, 1928), is a
parasitoid of two spider species: the barn funnel weaver or domestic house
spider, Tegenaria domestica (Clerck, 1757), and the web-weaving
spider, Agelena limbata Thorell, 1897 (Agelenidae) (Gauld &
Dubois, 2006). The penultimate instar of the ichneumonid wasp
manipulates the host spider to form “veils” of very fine and dense
threads covering both the spider and parasitoid larva within the tunnel
of the funnel web (Matsumoto, 2008). |
References
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Gauld, I.D. &
Dubois, J. 2006. Phylogeny of the Polysphincta
group of genera (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae; Pimplinae): a taxonomic revision of
spider ectoparasitoids. Systematic Entomology. 31: 529–564.
Pham, N.T., Broad, G.R., Matsumoto, R. & Wagele, W.J. 2012. First record
of the genus Brachyzapus Gauld and Dubois (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae)
from Vietnam, with descriptions of six new species. Journal of Natural
History. 46: 1639–1661.
Matsumoto, R. 2008. “Veils” against predators: modified web structure of
a host spider induced by an ichneumonid parasitoid, Brachyzapus nikkoensis
(Uchida) (Hymenoptera). Journal of Insect Behavior 22: 39–48. DOI:
10.1007/s10905-008-9152-1
Uchida, T. & Momoi S. 1958. On the species of Polysphincta
Gravenhorst and Zatypota Förster from Japan (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae).
Insecta Matsumurana 22: 22–30.
Varga O, Reshchikov
A, Giovanni FD. 2018. First record of the genus Brachyzapus Gauld &
Dubois, 2006 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae) from the Afrotropical
region, with descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 4377: 581–586. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4377.4.8.
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Credits
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Photographs
© Oleksandr Varga (Schmalhausen
Institute of Zoology, NAS of Ukraine) or ©
Filippo di Giovanni (Dept. of Agriculture, Food and Environment,
University of Pisa).
Map illustration
© Simon van Noort
(Iziko Museums of South Africa). |
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