Distribution

Worldwide, but most diverse in the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere.

Biology

Phytophagous. Larvae feed on leaves of ferns, horsetails, gymnosperms and angiosperms, occasionally they feed on the pith of twigs or on catkins.

Reference

Goulet, H. 1993. Superfamilies Cephoidea, Megalodontoidea, Orussoidea, Siricoidea, Tenthredinoidea and Xyeloidea (pp. 101-129). In GOULET, H. & HUBER, J. (eds). Hymenoptera of the World: an identification guide to families. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada, 668 pp.

Credits

Photographs © Simon van Noort (Iziko Museums of Cape Town)