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Synophrus Hartig

(Life: Kingdom: Metazoa (animals); Phylum: Arthropoda; Class: Hexapoda; Order: Hymenoptera; Superfamily: Cynipoidea;  Family: Cynipidae; Subfamily: Cynipinae; Tribe: Synergini)

Synophrus Hartig, 1843. Type species: 

 

Synophrus hispanicus Pujade-Villar

 

Synophrus hungaricus Melika & Mikó

 

Synophrus libani Melika & Pujade-Villar

 

Synophrus olivieri Kieffer

 

Synophrus pilulae Houard

Synophrus politus Hartig, 1843

 

Synophrus syriacus Melika

 

Synophrus vietnamensis Abe, Ide, Konishi & Ueno

Distribution

Palaearctic region.

Biology

Inquilines of gall-inducing Cynipini on Fagaceae, or primary gall formers. In some cases, inquilinism reaches a degree where gall inducers do not survive and hatch (Buffington et al. 2020).

References

Buffington ML, Forshage M, Liljeblad J, Tang CT, van Noort, S. 2020. World Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera):a key to higher-level groups. Insect Systematics and Diversity 4(4): 1–69. https://doi.org/10.1093/isd/ixaa003

Hartig, T. 1843. Zweiter nachtrag zur naturgeschichte der Gallwespen. Zeitschrift fur Entomologie 4: 395 - 422.
Mayr, G. 1881. Die genera der gallenbewohnenden Cynipiden. Jahresberichte der Rossauer Communal Oberrealschule im I. Bezirke 20:138.

Penzes, Z., Melika, G., Bozsoki, Z., Bihari, P., Miko, I., Tavakoli, M., Pudje-Villar, J., Feher, B., Fulop, D., Szabo, K., Bozso, M., Sipos, B., Somogyi, K. & Stone, G. 2009. Systematic re-appraisal of the gall-usurping wasp genus Synophrus Hartig, 1843 (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini). Systematic Entomology 34: 688 - 711. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2009.00482.x
Pujade-Villar, J., Melika, G., Ros-Farre, P., Acs, Z. & Csoka, G. 2003. Cynipid inquiline wasps of Hungary, with taxonomic notes on the Western Palaearctic fauna (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae, Cynipinae, Synergini). Folia Entomologica Hungarica 64: 121 - 170.

Shachar, E, Melika, G, Inbar, M & Dorchin, N, 2018, The oak gall wasps of Israel (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini) - diversity, distribution and life history. Zootaxa 4521: 451-498. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4521.4.1
Sternlicht, M. 1968. The oak galls of Israel (Quercus calliprinos Webb, and Quercus ithaburensis Decne.). Israel Journal of Entomology 3: 17 - 57.

Credits

Photographs © Matt Buffington (Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA/ARS)


Web author Simon van Noort (Iziko South African Museum)

 

Citation: van Noort, S. 2024. WaspWeb: Hymenoptera of the World. URL: www.waspweb.org (accessed on <day/month/year>).

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