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Quadrastichus Girault

(Life: Kingdom: Metazoa (animals); Phylum: Arthropoda; Class: Hexapoda; Order: Hymenoptera; Superfamily: Chalcidoidea; Family: Eulophidae; Subfamily: Tetrastichinae)

Quadrastichus Girault, 1913. Type species: Quadrastichus nigrinotatus Girault, 1913, by monotypy.

Cecidotetrastichus Kostjukov, 1977. Type species: Cirrospilus vacuna Walker, 1839.

 

Quadrastichus bardus Prinsloo & Kelly, 2009

 

Quadrastichus erythrinae Kim, 2004

Quadrastichus ingens Prinsloo & Kelly, 2009

Quadrastichus gallicola Prinsloo & Kelly, 2009

Quadrastichus mendeli Kim and La Salle, 2008

Distribution

Worldwide.

Biology

Parasitoids of Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera and Homoptera, or phytophagous gall formers. Often associated with galls as endoparasitoids of Diptera (Cecidomyiidae) and Hymenoptera (Cynipidae) (Kim et al., 2008), or Eulophidae (Gevers et al 2020). A European species Q. sajoi (Szelényi) has larvae which are predatory on eriophyid mites within galls (Graham 1991; La Salle 1994; Noyes 2019). Other species are invasive pests inducing galls on coral trees (Erythrina spp.: Fabaceae) (Kim et al. 2004; Prinsloo & Kelly, 2009).

References

Gates, M. & Delvare, G. 2008. A new species of Eurytoma (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) attacking Quadrastichus spp. (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) galling Erythrina spp. (Fabaceae), with a summary of African Eurytoma biology and species checklist. Zootaxa 175: 1–24.

Gevers, C.R., Dittrich-Schröder, G., Slippers, B. and Hurley, B.P. 2020. Interactions between hymenopteran species associated with gall-forming wasps: the Leptocybe invasa community as a case study. Agricultural and Forest Entomology https://doi.org/10.1111/afe.12413

Girault, A.A. 1913. Australian Hymenoptera Chalcidoidea - IV. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 2: 140-296.

Huang, Z., Li, J., Lu,W. & Yang, Z. 2018. Parasitoids of the Eucalyptus gall wasp Leptocybe spp.: a global review. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 25: 29983–29995.

Kim, I.-K., Delvare, G. & La Salle, J. 2004. A new species of Quadrastichus (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae): a gall inducing pest on Erythrina spp. (Fabaceae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 13: 243–249.

Kim, I.-K., Mendel, Z., Protasov, A., Blumberg, D. & La Salle, J. 2008. Taxonomy, biology and efficacy of two Australian parasitoids of the eucalyptus gall wasp, Leptocybe invasa Fisher & La Salle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae). Zootaxa 1910: 1-20.

Kostjukov, V.V. 1977. Comparative morphology of chalcids of the subfamily Tetrastichinae and the systematics of the genus Tetrastichus Haliday 1844 (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae). Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie. 56(1): 177-194. Text in Russian. Summary in English.1978: Entomological Review, Washington 56(1): 134-14.

La Salle, J. 1994. North American genera of Tetrastichinae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Journal of Natural History 28: 109–236.

La Salle, J., Ramadan, M. & Kumashiro, B.R. 2009. A new parasitoid of the Erythrina Gall Wasp, Quadrastichus erythrinae Kim (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Zootaxa 2083: 19–26.

Prinsloo, G. L. & Kelly, J.A. 2009. The tetrastichine wasps (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Eulophidae) associated with galls on Erythrina species (Fabaceae) in South Africa, with the description of five new species. Zootaxa 2083: 27–45.

Credits

Photographs © Simon van Noort (Iziko Museums of South Africa), or

Photographs © Il-Kwon Kim and John La Salle (CSIRO Entomology).

Photographs © Alan Manson https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/102941617


Web author Simon van Noort (Iziko South African Museum)

 

Citation: van Noort, S. 2024. WaspWeb: Hymenoptera of the World. URL: www.waspweb.org (accessed on <day/month/year>).

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