Apoid_wasps

Afrotropical Apoidea

Bees and "Sphecid" wasps of Africa and Madagascar

Distribution	Worldwide.
Biology	Either provision the nest with arthropods as food for the larva (spheciformes wasps) or provision the nest with pollen and nectar (bees).
References	Brothers D.J. 1999. Phylogeny and evolution of wasps, ants and bees (Hymenoptera, Chrysidoidea, Vespoidea and Apoidea) Zoologica Scripta 28: 233–250. Eardley, C & Urban, R. 2010. Catalogue of Afrotropical bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apiformes). Zootaxa 2455: 1-548. Finnamore, A.T. & Michener, C.D. 1993. Superfamily Apoidea (pp. 279-357). In GOULET, H. & HUBER, J. (eds). Hymenoptera of the World: an identification guide to families. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada, 668 pp. Michener, C.D. 2000. The Bees of the World. Johns Hopkins University Press. 953 pp.
Links	CATALOG OF WORLD SPHECIDAE sensu lato (= Apoidea excluding bees) compiled by Wojciech J. Pulawski (California Academy of Sciences).
Credits	Photographs © Simon van Noort or Norman Larsen (Iziko Museums) or Duncan Butchart or © Sheila Dumesh (PCYU - Packer Collection York University) and Laurence Packer's website: Bee Tribes of the World. Photograph of Halictus © Ivan Andersen.