Brothers D.J.
1999. Phylogeny and evolution of wasps, ants
and bees (Hymenoptera, Chrysidoidea, Vespoidea and Apoidea) Zoologica
Scripta 28: 233–250.
Finnamore, A.T. & Michener, C.D. 1993. Superfamily Apoidea (pp.
279-357). In GOULET, H. & HUBER, J. (eds). Hymenoptera of the World:
an identification guide to families. Research Branch, Agriculture
Canada, Ottawa, Canada, 668 pp.
Michener, C.D. 2000. The Bees of the World. Johns Hopkins
University Press. 953 pp.