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Sphecidae

Sand wasps, Cricket hunters, Mud daubers & Digger wasps of Africa and Madagascar

(Life: Kingdom: Metazoa (animals); Phylum: Arthropoda; Class: Hexapoda; Order: Hymenoptera; Superfamily: Apoidea)

Classification

Ammophilinae
  Chloriontinae
Sceliphrinae
  Sphecinae

Distribution

Worldwide.

Biology

Predators of a variety of arthropods including spiders (Aranaea), cockroaches (Dictyoptera), grasshoppers (Orthoptera), and caterpillars of moths and butterflies (Lepidoptera) or larvae of other wasps (Hymenoptera). Most species mass provision their nest with prey items on which they lay a single egg, however, some sphecines rear multiple larvae in a single cell. Nests are either constructed from mud or rarely resin, or are created by burrowing in the soil. Pre-existing cavities are also used as nesting sites.

References

Arnold, G. 1920. A revision of the South African species of the genus Sphex Linn. (olim Ammophila Kirby). Proceedings of the Rhodesia Scientific Association 18 (2):25-55, 2 pls.

Arnold, G. 1922. The Sphegidae of South Africa. Part I. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 9:101-138.

Arnold, G. 1923a. The Sphegidae of South Africa. Part II. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 9:143-190, pl. V.

Arnold, G.  1923b. The Sphegidae of South Africa. Part III. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 9:191-253.

Arnold, G.  1923c. The Sphegidae of South Africa. Part IV. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 10:1-58.

Arnold, G.  1924 The Sphegidae of South Africa. Part V. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 11:1-73, pl. I-II.

Arnold, G.  1925. The Sphegidae of South Africa. Part VI. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 11:137-175.

Arnold, G.  1926. The Sphegidae of South Africa. Part VII. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 11:338-376.

Arnold, G.  1927. The Sphegidae of South Africa. Part VIII. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 12:55-131.

Arnold, G. 1928a. The Sphegidae of South Africa. Part IX. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 12:191-232, pl.VIII.

Arnold, G.  1928b. The Sphegidae of South Africa. Part X. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 12: 233-279, pls. IX-XI.

Arnold, G.  1928c. The Sphegidae of South Africa. Part XI. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 12:338-375.

Arnold, G. 1929a. The Sphegidae of South Africa. Part XII. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 13:217-319.

Arnold, G. 1929b. The Sphegidae of South Africa. Part XIII. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 13:320-380, pl. VI.

Arnold, G. 1929c. The Sphegidae of South Africa. Part XIV. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 13:381-418, pls. VII-VIII.

Arnold, G. 1930. A check-list of the Sphegidae of the Ethiopian Region. University Press, Cambridge, England. 21 pp. Bibliography of Sphecidae 30

Arnold, G. 1931. The Sphegidae of South Africa. Part XV (conclusion). Annals of the Transvaal Museum 14:135-220.

Arnold, G. 1932. New species of Ethiopian Sphegidae. Occasional Papers of the Rhodesian Museum 1:1-31.

Arnold, G. 1933. Entomological expedition to Abyssinia, 1926-7. Hymenoptera, II.: Sphegidae and Psammocharidae. With an introductory note and supplementary list by Hugh Scott, Sc. D. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 10) 11:351-371.

Arnold, G. 1951. Sphecidae and Pompilidae (Hymenoptera) collected by Mr. K.M. Guichard in West Africa and Ethiopia. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Entomology 2:95-183.

Bohart, R.M. & Menke, A. S. 1976. Sphecid Wasps of the World: a Generic Revision. University of California Press, Berkeley, California.

Brothers D.J. 1999. Phylogeny and evolution of wasps, ants and bees (Hymenoptera, Chrysidoidea, Vespoidea and Apoidea) Zoologica Scripta 28: 233–250.

Cameron, P. 1910. On the Aculeate Hymenoptera collected by Mr. A.J.T. Janse, Normal College, Pretoria, in the Transvaal. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 2:115-154.

Finnamore, A.T. & Michener, C.D. 1993. Superfamily Apoidea (pp. 279-357). In GOULET, H. & HUBER, J. (eds). Hymenoptera of the World: an identification guide to families. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada, 668 pp.

Links

CATALOG OF WORLD SPHECIDAE sensu lato (= Apoidea excluding bees) compiled by
Wojciech J. Pulawski (California Academy of Sciences).

Credits

Photographs © Simon van Noort or Norman Larsen (Iziko Museums) or Duncan Butchart.


Web author Simon van Noort (Iziko South African Museum)

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